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76
Design Resource
Mata-ni-Pachedi, Ahmedabad
Temple Hangings
by
Prof. Bibhudutta Baral, Lija M. G., Srikant B. and Vijay G.
Introduction
Mata-ni-Pachedi is a traditional art of painting the image of goddesses on a piece of cloth found in the temple which is of a multicolored animated images of gods and goddesses, devotees, followers, flora and fauna with a narrative story. The term Mata-ni-Pachedi originated from Gujarati language, where Mata means ‘goddess’, ni means ‘belongs to’ and Pachedi means ‘behind’ When people of the nomadic Vaghari community of Gujarat were barred from entering temples, they made their own shrines with depictions of the Mother Goddess of different forms on to the cloth. The unique feature of this temple-hanging is the product layout of four to five pieces of Mata-ni-Pachedi erected to form a shrine for the Mother Goddess. Traditional Mata ni Pachedi is a rectangular piece of fabric used as a canopy in the place of ceiling in a nomadic shrine which houses the main mother goddess image at its center.
The rectangular fabric is divided into seven to nine columns followed by a narrative format which is made easier to interpret and impart the stories within the space created through layout work on the cloth. Maroon (red) and black were the only colors used with the surface of the cotton material as the third color. Black is majorly used as the outlines for the icons and the motifs meant to repel malevolent spirits and intensify spiritual energy. White considered being the color of purity that contacts with ancestral spirits and deities. Maroon (Red) color of blood (rakta) associated with the goddess and believed to possess the healing powers. Bhuvo or bhuva were the priest who performs the rituals, Jagorais the singers who interpreted the pachedis and Chitaras the artists who paint the shrine hangings. The Chitara community draws on the fabric and fills the images by hand. Central image and surrounding figures vary in size and position as per the artist’s creative imagination.
According to the artisans, if there is more work to be completed, the entire family gets involved in the work- preparing/making the fabric, drawing and applying colour, filling, boiling, washing etc. Children in the household slowly start joining the family profession and are involved in filling the colors and in all the activities done around them. Wooden blocks are eventually replaced for sharper drawings. Hand drawn Mata ni Pachedi are done side by side but it is more labour intense and more expensive than the block printed ones. The Devipujak practice animal sacrifice before the Goddess with an offering of a new Pachedi to the Goddess.
